Templates

- Templates
  - PHP
  - Sintags
  - 子模块

Templates

Templates是用来制造HTML输出的文件。他们包含PHP code和SinTag代码。在Akelos中，template文件以”.tpl”结尾。Template文件可以包含其他的template文件，作为包含者的子模块。

PHP

PHP使用PHP代码嵌入到HTML文件中，如果你不想输出内容使用<? and ?>或者<?php and ?>，如果你想输出那么使用<?= and ?>。考虑一下下面的循环:

Names of people 
<?php foreach($people as $person) : ?> Name: <?=$person->name ?><?php endforeach ?>

Sintags

Akelos Framework在templates中使用PHP作为自己的语言，但是有些时候循环和打印的PHP代码成为了重复的任务，使得你的templates不是那么漂亮。Sintags并不意味着要代替PHP，但是为了加快开发。使用这个语法是非常好的，因为他能保持你的代码更简洁。所以如果你开始注意到你的view中有很多的PHP代码，可以考虑一下把view的逻辑移动到helpers中。

Akelos Framework不想迫使你学习其他无用的语言。在你的template中你有PHP的力量。但是在一些例子中，需要图形的设计来创建视图的模板，所以我们我们添加了一个有限的语法，允许你在WYSIWYG HTML编辑器上建立一个简单但是功能强大的templates。

这个特殊的语法被称作Sintags(“Sin”来自于Spanish word意思为without)在你的views中只使用这样的规则”?”, “_”, ”{”, ”}”, “end”, ”.” 和 ”-“字符。分析过的Sintag被转换到PHP代码并且为了更好的性能作为.php文件隐藏在app/views/<controller>/compiled目录现。

Sintags elements

{ 开始Sintag块.
} 结束Sintag块.
{var_name?} 断言，如果给予的元素在controller中被设置，输出这个值$var_name.
{?var_name} 断言，这个元素是否为空，开始PHP的条件块代码如下
```
if(!empty($var_name)) {
```
IMPORTANT NOTE, This block must be closed! See {end}.
{end} 关闭以<?php } ?>开始的块
{else} 加入'else'生成<?php } else { ?>
{object.attribute} ”.”被用来访问对象的对象。和这条语句是一样的<?php echo $object→attribute; ?>
{array-key} ”-“用特殊的键来访问数组。和这条语句是一样的<?php echo $array['key']; ?>
_{Multilingual text} _{ }结构为国际化而围绕文本。
{_multilingual_var} {_ }为国际化而围绕一个变量。这个变量作为locale的key必须是实际的数组。

Sintags elements

在views上，大部分的template语言被添加，用来制作 Active Record简单的显示。用实例处理国际化。因此他有以下的基本结构。

	Sintags	PHP Code
Printing variables	{comment}	<?php echo $comment; ?>
Printing object attributes	{post.Comments}	<?php echo $post→Comments; ?>
	{post.Comments.latest}	<?php echo $post→Comments→latest; ?>
Printing array elements	{people-members}¹	<?php echo $people['members']; ?>
	{people-0-member}	<?php echo $people[0]['member']; ?>
Printing a mix of arrays and objects	{people.members-0.name}	<?php echo $people→members[0]→name; ?>
	{posts-latest.created_at}	<?php echo $posts['latest']→created_at; ?>
Create a not empty condition block	{?post-comments} {post.comment.details} {end}	See note
Attempt to print a variable only if has been set by the controller	{Post.comment.details?}	See note
Looping over arrays and Active Record collections	{loop posts} {post.comment?} {post.author?} {end}²	See note
Getting a database stored multilingual value for an active record field	{_post.comment}³	See note
Getting a multilingual value for a string	<h1>_{Ain't easy to translate text?}</h1> _{<p<It's really simple even to add <a href='http://google.co.uk'>Localized links</a> </p>}	See note
Escaping {} from your translated text	_{I need to print \{something_inside_curly_brackets\}. _\{Maybe a multilingual text example\} }	<?php echo $text_helper→translate('I need to print {something_inside_curly_brackets}. _{Maybe a multilingual text example} ', array(), $controller_name); ?>

Create a not empty condition block:

if(!empty($post['comments'])) { 
  echo $post->comment->details;
}

Attempt to print a variable only if has been set by the controller:

echo isset($Post->comment->details) ? $Post->comment->details : '';

Looping over arrays and Active Record collections:

empty($posts) ? null : $post_loop_counter = 0; 
if(!empty($posts)) 
  foreach ($posts as $post_loop_key=>$post){ 
    $post_loop_counter++; 
    $post_odd_position = $post_loop_counter%2;
    echo isset($post->comment) ? $post->comment : ''; 
    echo isset($post->author) ? $post->author : '';
  }

Getting a database stored multilingual value for an active record field

echo empty($post->comment); 
!is_array($post->comment)? '' : $text_helper->translate($post->comment);

Getting a multilingual value for a string. Using this function, locales are added automatically to your app/locales/CONTROLLER_NAME/ folder. Note that the multilingual text must written in the framework default language (English by default).

<h1><?php echo $text_helper->translate('Ain\'t easy to translate text?'); ?></h1> 
<?php echo $text_helper->translate( 
  '<p>It\'s really simple even to add 
  <a href=\'http://google.co.uk\'>Localized links</a> </p>'); ?>

¹As you have seen, generated PHP code comes with some helpful vars automatically added that are useful when iterating collections. For instance, if we are using the $people array, Sintags generates a singular form of it when appropriate:

person_loop_counter holds current iteration pass beginning with 1, sort of like the tedious ++; on each iteration we usually code
person_loop_key holds the current array key
person_odd_position holds the boolean value which helps us to make nice row color changes

²We need to assign a plural “posts” on the {loop *} tag and fetch a singular “post” for retrieving single element details.

³Just by adding “_” after ”{” you will get the translated version of “comment”. In case you have English and Spanish comments you must have the following columns in your database “en_comment” and “es_comment”.
Note that $post→comment actually holds an array with the locale code as key, so you can set your own localized arrays that will not be added to the locale/ files.

子模块

在一些模块中，子模块允许你包含公共的显示结构。

静态的代码

公共的显示结构也许是静态的代码，如帐户信息:

Part of main template
<?= $controller->render("shared/acctinfo") ?>
Remainder of main template

动态代码

共享变量

Templates可以共享在主模块中定义的变量:

<?php $shared->page_title = "A Wonderful Hello" ?> <?= $controller->render("shared/header") ?>

“A Wonderful Hello”这个值,在shared/header子模块中是可见的:

<title><?= $page_title ?></title>

传递局部变量

使用数组用变量的名字作为键和对象作为值，可以将局部变量从主模块传递到子模块:

<?= $controller->render("shared/header", array('headline'=>'Welcome','person'=> $person )) ?>

shared/header子模块可以这样访问他:

Headline: <?= $headline ?> First name: <?= $person->first_name ?>